How can the energy-intensive glass industry, which to date has been heavily reliant on natural gas, become CO2-neutral by 2045? This is the question being addressed by the German Flat Glass Association (Bundesverband Glasindustrie e.V. - BV Glas) together with the Institute for Energy Economics and Rational Energy Application (IER) at the University of Stuttgart: The study „Glass 2045 – Roadmap for the Decarbonisation of the German Glass Industry“ is set to be published for Glasstec 2026.
The glass industry has traditionally been heavily reliant on fossil fuels, particularly natural gas, which is extensively required for melting processes. The transition to CO2-neutral energy sources necessitates not only technological innovation but also significant investment. According to Prof. Dr. Peter Radgen, Head of the Chair for Energy Efficiency at the IER, both the development of new technologies and the adaptation of existing processes are crucial to achieving the ambitious climate goals.
„The glass industry is currently having to push forward with its transformation under very difficult conditions. Crucial for success would be internationally competitive energy prices, the accelerated expansion of renewable energies and power grids, and a hydrogen infrastructure, as well as evidence-based and reliably long-term political frameworks.“
Prof. Dr. Peter Radgen
Technological approaches
The study examines various technological approaches to reducing CO2 emissions in glass production. These include the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier, the electrification of melting processes, and the integration of renewable energies. Each of these technologies presents specific challenges, whether in terms of availability, cost, or technical feasibility.
„Using hydrogen would fundamentally be much simpler because we could stick to the existing tub technology. That's why a lively discussion has already started here, and everyone is waiting for the future hydrogen core network. However, costs will also be a deciding factor in the end, and hydrogen is not yet economical – it is currently five times more expensive than natural gas – which is why things are not progressing here,“ explains Prof. Radgen. And: Electrification is a good driver for the development of new tub concepts in research and development.
A further focus of the study is the improvement of energy efficiency. Significant energy savings can be achieved through the use of modern heat recovery technologies and process optimisation. This is an essential step towards reducing energy consumption and improving the CO2 footprint.
Economic and regulatory frameworks
Alongside technological aspects, economic and regulatory frameworks also play a crucial role in the decarbonisation of the glass industry. The study examines how government funding programmes and legal requirements can support the transition to CO2-neutral technologies. Prof. Radgen emphasises that clear political frameworks and financial incentives are necessary to accelerate the transition and encourage investment in new technologies.
The decarbonisation of the glass industry is not only a technological but also an economic challenge. The sector must make significant investments in the coming years to implement the necessary changes. At the same time, the transformation offers opportunities for innovation and new business areas.
The results of the study „Glass 2045 – Roadmap for the Decarbonization of the German Glass Industry“ are intended to serve as a guide to identify and implement the necessary steps. Glasstec from 20 to 23 October 2026 in Düsseldorf will offer an important platform to discuss these topics and support the industry on its path to CO2 neutrality.
Source: Düsseldorf Trade Fair Centre
