A study commissioned by the Nabu, an environmental organisation, has identified a need for adaptation in the future assessment of composite paper packaging. According to the authors from Propakma, the actual recyclability should no longer be determined by the material content, but rather by the disposal route and regulatory classification. With a view to the implementation of the European Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR), uniform criteria are being called for across Europe.
The study „Paper Composite Packaging in the Circular Economy“ by Dr. Arne Krolle examines the role of paper-based composite packaging in the future circular system. According to the authors' assessment, paper composite packaging has often been viewed as a homogeneous group to date, even though it differs significantly in terms of material composition, recyclability, and suitable disposal routes. The aim of the study is therefore to lay the groundwork for a more differentiated assessment in the context of the PPWR.
Recyclability instead of the 95/5 rule
According to the study, the previous classification based on the paper content of a packaging is no longer sufficient. The current 95/5 rule says little about actual recyclability. This could result in non-recyclable composite materials ending up in the paper recycling loop, while easily recyclable composites are unnecessarily collected via the Yellow Sack. Therefore, in the future, technical recyclability should determine the disposal route. The prerequisites for this are clear labelling and Europe-wide uniform assessment methods.
PPWR as a decisive framework
The study views the PPWR as an opportunity to design packaging consistently according to design-for-recycling criteria in the future. At the same time, essential definitions for measuring recyclability and for practical implementation in material cycles are still missing. Without this legal certainty, innovations in composite paper packaging could be inhibited.
Differentiated disposal recommended
The authors of Propakma conclude that many composite paper packaging products can be fundamentally recovered in existing recycling processes. Recyclable composites should be collected via the Blue Bin or suitable specialised processes, depending on their design. However, this is contingent upon adapted legal frameworks, suitable recycling infrastructures, and transparent consumer information.
Source: Nabu/Propakma
